Roba ta Polyurethane (PU)
* Polyurethane (PU) shine taƙaitaccen bayanin polyurethane, polyisocyanate da polyhydroxy polymer polymerization, yana cikin babban sarkar polymers wanda ke ɗauke da sassan sarkar urethane masu maimaitawa (-NHCOO-) na mahaɗan polymer.
* Kayayyakin filastik na PU na musamman
Polyurethane, wanda aka fi sani da polyurethane da polyurethane, wani nau'in macromolecules ne da ke ɗauke da sassan urethane a cikin babban sarkar. Wannan nau'in kayan polymer yana da laushi na roba da ƙarfi da kyakkyawan aikin sarrafa filastik, kuma yana da ƙimar amfani mai mahimmanci a cikin manyan fannoni bakwai na filastik, roba, kumfa, zare, shafi, manne da polymers masu aiki. A fannin masana'antu ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin tayoyi masu ƙarancin gudu, gaskets, tabarmar mota da sauran fannoni. A rayuwar yau da kullun, ana amfani da polyurethane don yin nau'ikan kumfa da soso na filastik daban-daban.
Me za ku iya yi da PU Plastics?
Elastomers na polyurethane aji ne na kayan aiki waɗanda ke da halayen roba da filastik, suna da ƙarfin juriya mai kyau, ƙarfin tsagewa, juriyar tasiri, juriyar gogewa, juriya ga yanayi, juriya ga hydrolysis, juriya ga mai da sauran fa'idodi.
Ana amfani da shi galibi a matsayin kayan gini (kamar bututu, gaskets, bel, rollers, gears, bututu, da sauransu), masu hana ruwa, tafin takalma da tayoyin ƙarfe. Misali, a matsayin farantin sieve na hakar ma'adinai, yana da ƙarancin hayaniya, yana da ƙarfin jurewa da juriya fiye da farantin sieve na ƙarfe na gargajiya. Bugu da ƙari, polyurethane yana da kyakkyawan jituwa da biocompatibility, a matsayin kayan biomedical, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin masu gyaran pacemakers, jijiyoyin jini na roba, ƙashi na roba, da sauransu.
Akwai wasu aikace-aikace na Polyurethane (PU)
- Sufuri
- Gine-gine
- Injina
- Kayan lantarki
- Kayan daki
- Sarrafa Abinci
- Yadi da tufafi
- Fata mai roba
- Bugawa
- Masana'antar mai
- Wasanni
- Kiwon Lafiya
Halayen Polyurethane (PU)
* Kumfa mai ƙarfi (polyurethane) ya kasu kashi biyu: kumfa mai tauri da kumfa mai sassauƙa, tare da kyakkyawan sassauci, tsawaitawa, ƙarfin matsi da sassauci, da kuma kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai. Bugu da ƙari, kumfa mai ƙarfi (polyurethane) yana da kyakkyawan ikon sarrafawa, mannewa, rufi da sauran halaye, wanda ke da kyakkyawan aikin kayan gyaran matashin kai.
Elastomer na polyurethane saboda tsarinsa yana da sassa masu laushi, masu tauri guda 2, don haka ana iya tsara sarkar kwayoyin halitta don ba wa kayan ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ƙarfi mai kyau, juriya ga lalacewa, juriya ga mai da sauran kyawawan halaye, waɗanda aka sani da polyurethane mai "juriya ga lalacewa" a lokaci guda tare da babban sassaucin roba da kuma juriyar filastik.
* Kayan polyurethane suna da ƙarfi sosai, wanda ke sa su iya haɗuwa da yawancin kayan kuma ana iya amfani da su azaman manne a fagen haɗa su.
* Ana amfani da manne-manne na polyurethane galibi a masana'antar marufi, gini, itace, motoci, da takalma.
Ta yaya ake yin kayan Polyurethane (PU)?
Saboda ƙarfin hydrophobic na polyurethane, dole ne a yi amfani da sabuwar hanyar haɗa sinadarai don shirya emulsion na PU, tsarin haɗa polyurethane na ruwa shine kamar haka: ① ta hanyar oligomer polyol, mai faɗaɗa sarkar, diisocyanate don samar da babban taro na kwayoyin halitta na PU pre-polymer; ② an cire shi bayan an yi amfani da pre-polymer a cikin ruwa don samar da watsawa.
Hanyoyin shirya polyurethane emulsion suna da manyan rukunoni guda biyu: hanyar emulsification ta waje da hanyar emulsification ta ciki.
1. Hanyar emulsification ta waje ita ce hanyar tilasta emulsification a gaban emulsifier, mai ƙarfi.
2. Ana yin hanyar kwaikwayon kai ta hanyar shigar da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic cikin kwarangwal na ƙwayoyin polyurethane.
Ana shigar da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic cikin kwarangwal ɗin kwayoyin halitta na PU ta hanyar faɗaɗa sarkar monomers na hydrophilic, waɗanda suka ƙunshi ƙungiyoyin samar da gishiri da kuma reagents masu samar da gishiri.
Sake amfani da filastik na Polyurethane (PU)
- Ana iya rarraba Polyurethane (PU) Sake Amfani da Roba zuwa sassa daban-daban na sake amfani da filastik.Sake amfani da kayan aiki na zahiri yana samar da hanya mai inganci da araha don sake amfani da kumfa mai tauri na polyurethane da haɗakarwa. Girman barbashi na samfurin kumfa na polyurethane na asali ana fara rage shi zuwa matsayin da za a iya sake sarrafawa a cikin matakai na biyu. Kayan da aka sake yin amfani da su, ko kayan gyara daga tsarin ƙera, ana lalata su zuwa siffofi masu amfani kamar su flakes, granules ko foda.Sake amfani da sinadarai shine hanyar da ake bi wajen wargaza kumfa polyurethane zuwa kayan albarkatun polyurethane ko wasu kayan albarkatun sinadarai ta amfani da alcoholysis, amineysis, hydrolysis ko pyrolysis. Kumfa polyurethane yana da urethane da urea bond. A cikin tsarin alcoholysis, aminolysis da alkali hydrolysis, haɗin urethane da urea a cikin kwayar polyurethane sun karye kuma sun bazu zuwa polyols, aromatic polyamines, carbon dioxide da sauransu.
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