Palakiko Polyurethane (PU)
ʻO Polyurethane (PU) ka pōkole o ka polyurethane, polyisocyanate a me ka polyhydroxy polymer polymerization, aia i loko o ke kaulahao nui o nā polymers e loaʻa ana nā ʻāpana kaulahao urethane repetitive (-NHCOO-) o nā hui polymer.
* Nā huahana plastik PU i hoʻopilikino ʻia
ʻO Polyurethane, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he polyurethane a me polyurethane, he papa o nā macromolecules e loaʻa ana nā ʻāpana hiʻohiʻona urethane i loko o ke kaulahao nui. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano mea polymer ka elasticity o ka rubber a me ka ikaika a me ka hana hana maikaʻi loa o ka plastic, a he waiwai nui kona hoʻohana ʻana ma nā kahua nui ʻehiku o nā plastics, rubber, foam, fiber, coatings, adhesives a me nā polymers hana. Ma ka ʻoihana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā kaila haʻahaʻa, gaskets, moena kaʻa a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe. I ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻohana ʻia ka polyurethane e hana i nā ʻano huʻa like ʻole a me ka huʻa plastik.
He aha kāu e hana ai me ka PU Plastic?
ʻO nā elastomers polyurethane kahi papa o nā mea me nā waiwai rubber a me ka plastic, me ka ikaika tensile maikaʻi, ka ikaika haehae, ke kūpaʻa hopena, ke kūpaʻa abrasion, ke kūpaʻa i ka wā, ke kūpaʻa hydrolysis, ke kūpaʻa aila a me nā pono ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me nā mea kūkulu (e like me nā hoses, gaskets, kāʻei, rollers, gears, pipes, etc.), insulators, shoe soles a me nā kaila paʻa. No ka laʻana, ma ke ʻano he papa kānana mining, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka walaʻau, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka permeability a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ma mua o ka papa kānana metala kuʻuna. Eia kekahi, he maikaʻi loa ka polyurethane biocompatibility, ma ke ʻano he mea biomedical, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā pacemakers, nā kīʻaha koko artificial, nā iwi artificial, etc.
Eia kekahi mau hana no ka Polyurethane (PU)
- Ka halihali
- Kūkulu ʻana
- Mīkini
- Nā lako uila
- Nā lako hale
- Ka Hana ʻAi
- ʻO ka lole a me nā lole
- ʻIli hana ʻia
- Paʻi ʻana
- ʻOihana petrochemical
- Nā haʻuki
- Papahana mālama ola kino
Nā ʻano o ka Polyurethane (PU)
* Ua māhele ʻia ka huʻa polyurethane i ʻelua ʻano: huʻa paʻa a me ka huʻa palupalu, me ka elasticity maikaʻi loa, elongation, ikaika compression a me ka maʻalahi, a me ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka huʻa polyurethane ka hiki ke hana maikaʻi loa, ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka insulation a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ka hana maikaʻi loa o ka mea cushioning.
Ma muli o kona ʻano, he palupalu a paʻakikī hoʻi nā kaulahao 2 o ka polyurethane elastomer, no laila hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia ke kaulahao molekala e hāʻawi i ka mea i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa i ke kapa, ke kūpaʻa i ka ʻaila a me nā waiwai maikaʻi ʻē aʻe, i ʻike ʻia ʻo "wear-resistant rubber" polyurethane i ka manawa like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka elasticity o ka rubber a me ka paʻakikī o ka plastic.
* He polarity ikaika ko nā mea Polyurethane, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa me ka hapa nui o nā mea a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻopili i ke kahua hoʻopaʻa.
* Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopili polyurethane i nā ʻoihana hoʻopili, kūkulu hale, lāʻau, kaʻa, a me nā kāmaʻa.
Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka mea Polyurethane (PU)?
Ma muli o ka hydrophobicity ikaika o ka polyurethane, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻano hana synthesis hou e hoʻomākaukau i ka emulsion PU, ʻo ke kaʻina hana synthesis o ka polyurethane wai e like me kēia: ① e ka oligomer polyol, chain extender, diisocyanate e hana i kahi nui molekala kiʻekiʻe o ka pre-polymer PU; ② neutralized ma hope o ka emulsified pre-polymer i loko o ka wai e hana i kahi dispersion.
ʻElua mau ʻano nui o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka emulsion polyurethane: ke ʻano emulsification o waho a me ke ʻano emulsification o loko.
1. ʻO ke ʻano emulsification waho ke ʻano o ka emulsification i hoʻokau ʻia i ke alo o ka emulsifier, kiʻekiʻe ka ʻokiʻoki.
2. Hana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻopili ponoʻī ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā hui hydrophilic i loko o ka iwi molekala o ka polyurethane.
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui hydrophilic i loko o ka iwi molekala PU ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kaulahao o nā monomers hydrophilic, i haku ʻia me nā hui hana paʻakai a me nā reagents hana paʻakai.
Hana hou ʻana o ka polyurethane (PU) plastic
- Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana hou ʻana o ka Polyurethane (PU) i ka hana hou ʻana i ke kino a me ka kemika.Hāʻawi ka hana hou kino i kahi ʻano hana kūpono a hoʻokele waiwai hoʻi no ka hana hou ʻana o nā hua polyurethane paʻa a me nā composites. Hoʻemi mua ʻia ka nui o ka ʻāpana huahana polyurethane foam mua i kahi kūlana maʻamau hiki ke hana hou ʻia i nā kaʻina hana lua. Hoʻopau ʻia nā mea hana hou ʻole, a i ʻole nā mea ʻokiʻoki mai ke kaʻina hana hana, i nā ʻano pono e like me nā flakes, granules a i ʻole nā pauka.ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i nā kemika ke ʻano o ka wāwahi ʻana i nā huʻa polyurethane i loko o nā mea maka polyurethane a i ʻole nā mea maka kemika ʻē aʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka alcoholysis, amineysis, hydrolysis a pyrolysis paha. Loaʻa i ka huʻa polyurethane nā pilina urethane a me urea. I ke kaʻina hana o ka alcoholysis, aminolysis a me ka alkali hydrolysis, ua haki ʻia nā pilina urethane a me urea i loko o ka molekole polyurethane a ua hoʻokahe ʻia i loko o nā polyols, nā polyamines ʻala, ke kalapona ʻokikene a pēlā aku.
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